Where does this demographic data come from?

All demographic data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates, which samples about 3.5 million households annually. The 5-year estimates provide the most reliable data for small geographies like municipalities.

What is the difference between Census data and ACS data?

The decennial Census (conducted every 10 years) is a full population count focusing on basic demographics. The ACS is an ongoing survey that collects detailed data on income, education, housing, commute patterns, and more. ACS data is updated annually but represents averages over a 5-year period.

How accurate is this data for small towns?

For smaller municipalities, ACS estimates have wider margins of error because fewer residents are sampled. The 5-year estimates reduce this uncertainty by averaging over a longer period. For towns under 5,000 people, treat specific numbers as approximations rather than precise counts.

Roby, TX Population, Income & Demographics 2026

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Demographics — 2024 ACS 5-Year Estimatesi

Census

Populationi

679

Median Agei

36.9

Race & Ethnicityi

White

71.6%486

Hispanic/Latino

23.1%157

Two or More

3.2%22

Black

1%7

Asian

1%7

Educational Attainment (Age 25+)i

GED/Alternative

4.6%22

High School Diploma

35.9%171

Some College (<1 yr)

11.3%54

Some College (1+ yr)

26.9%128

Associate's Degree

5.3%25

Bachelor's Degree

7.6%36

Master's Degree

5.9%28

HS or Higher

97.5%

BA or Higher

13.4%

Graduate+

5.9%

Housingi

Median Home Valuei

$45,800

Median Renti

$593

Tenure

Owner-Occupied

75%222

Renter-Occupied

25%74

Total Units

350

Homeownership

75%

Vacancy Rate

15.4%

Rent Distribution

Under $500

$500–$750

$750–$1,000

$1,000–$1,250

Year Built

2010–2019

2.3%8

2000–2009

2.9%10

1990–1999

2.3%8

1980–1989

3.4%12

1970–1979

15.1%53

1960–1969

21.4%75

1950–1959

28%98

1940–1949

19.7%69

1939 or earlier

4.9%17

Heating Fuel

Utility Gas

81.4%241

Electricity

17.9%53

Bottled/LP Gas

0.7%2

Economyi

Median Household Incomei

$59,758

Mean Household Incomei

$59,187

Per Capita Incomei

$27,354

Poverty Ratei

18.6%

Unemploymenti

5.4%

Labor Forcei

353

Federally Subsidized Housingi

HUD

The federal government helps low-income families, seniors, and people with disabilities afford housing through several programs. Residents typically pay about 30% of their income toward rent, with the government covering the rest. This data shows how many households in this community receive that assistance.

Subsidized Homesi

Residentsi

Avg. Tenant Renti

$379/mo

Programs in this community

Public Housing19 homes89% occupied$379/mo rent

Government-owned housing managed by local housing authorities

Household Incomei

Based on area median of $59,758/yr

Extremely low incomeUnder $18K/yr

59%

Very low income$18K–$30K/yr

29%

Low income$30K–$48K/yr

12%

Who Receives This Housing

76% of subsidized households are headed by a single mother

41% of subsidized households are minority

20% of subsidized households include someone with a disability

47% of subsidized households include a senior (62+)

Ancestry & Heritage

Self-reported ancestry groups. Residents may report multiple ancestries, so totals may exceed 100%.

Foreign-Born Populationi

Foreign-Borni

182.7%

By Region

Top Countries

Mexico

United Kingdom

Workforce

Total Employed

334

Occupations

Industries

Social Characteristicsi

Veteransi

73(14.8% of civilian adults)

Health Insurancei

83.6%Insured

16.4%Uninsured